The rest of the paper actually focuses on the real reasons behind the pay gap, which should also give you a perspective of why it’s probably futile to argue in terms of “a woman makes 78 cents for every dollar a man makes”.
But if you really wanna dig deeper there are some studies that try to figure out the remaining 3% or whatever.
You want the figure 5B from here:
https://www.henrikkleven.com/uploads/3/7/3/1/37310663/kleven-landais-sogaard_aej-applied_sep2018.pdf
The rest of the paper actually focuses on the real reasons behind the pay gap, which should also give you a perspective of why it’s probably futile to argue in terms of “a woman makes 78 cents for every dollar a man makes”.
But if you really wanna dig deeper there are some studies that try to figure out the remaining 3% or whatever.